Spring Boot构建RESTful API与单元测试

public class User { 
 
    private Long id; 
    private String name; 
    private Integer age; 
 
    // 省略setter和getter 
     
}

 
@RestController 
@RequestMapping(value="/users")     // 通过这里配置使下面的映射都在/users下 
public class UserController { 
 
    // 创建线程安全的Map 
    static Map<Long, User> users = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<Long, User>()); 
 
    @RequestMapping(value="/", method=RequestMethod.GET) 
    public List<User> getUserList() { 
        // 处理"/users/"的GET请求，用来获取用户列表 
        // 还可以通过@RequestParam从页面中传递参数来进行查询条件或者翻页信息的传递 
        List<User> r = new ArrayList<User>(users.values()); 
        return r; 
    } 
 
    @RequestMapping(value="/", method=RequestMethod.POST) 
    public String postUser(@ModelAttribute User user) { 
        // 处理"/users/"的POST请求，用来创建User 
        // 除了@ModelAttribute绑定参数之外，还可以通过@RequestParam从页面中传递参数 
        users.put(user.getId(), user); 
        return "success"; 
    } 
 
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET) 
    public User getUser(@PathVariable Long id) { 
        // 处理"/users/{id}"的GET请求，用来获取url中id值的User信息 
        // url中的id可通过@PathVariable绑定到函数的参数中 
        return users.get(id); 
    } 
 
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.PUT) 
    public String putUser(@PathVariable Long id, @ModelAttribute User user) { 
        // 处理"/users/{id}"的PUT请求，用来更新User信息 
        User u = users.get(id); 
        u.setName(user.getName()); 
        u.setAge(user.getAge()); 
        users.put(id, u); 
        return "success"; 
    } 
 
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE) 
    public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) { 
        // 处理"/users/{id}"的DELETE请求，用来删除User 
        users.remove(id); 
        return "success"; 
    } 
 
}

 
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MockServletContext.class) 
@WebAppConfiguration 
public class ApplicationTests { 
 
	private MockMvc mvc; 
 
	@Before 
	public void setUp() throws Exception { 
		mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new UserController()).build(); 
	} 
 
	@Test 
	public void testUserController() throws Exception { 
        // 测试UserController 
		RequestBuilder request = null; 
 
		// 1、get查一下user列表，应该为空 
		request = get("/users/"); 
		mvc.perform(request) 
				.andExpect(status().isOk()) 
				.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("[]"))); 
 
		// 2、post提交一个user 
		request = post("/users/") 
				.param("id", "1") 
				.param("name", "测试大师") 
				.param("age", "20"); 
		mvc.perform(request) 
		        .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("success"))); 
 
		// 3、get获取user列表，应该有刚才插入的数据 
		request = get("/users/"); 
		mvc.perform(request) 
				.andExpect(status().isOk()) 
				.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("[{\"id\":1,\"name\":\"测试大师\",\"age\":20}]"))); 
 
		// 4、put修改id为1的user 
		request = put("/users/1") 
				.param("name", "测试终极大师") 
				.param("age", "30"); 
		mvc.perform(request) 
				.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("success"))); 
 
		// 5、get一个id为1的user 
		request = get("/users/1"); 
		mvc.perform(request) 
				.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("{\"id\":1,\"name\":\"测试终极大师\",\"age\":30}"))); 
 
		// 6、del删除id为1的user 
		request = delete("/users/1"); 
		mvc.perform(request) 
				.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("success"))); 
 
		// 7、get查一下user列表，应该为空 
		request = get("/users/"); 
		mvc.perform(request) 
				.andExpect(status().isOk()) 
				.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("[]"))); 
 
	} 
 
}